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The Mississippi River is recognized as the chief river of the United States due to its historical significance, vast drainage basin, and cultural importance. Stretching over 2,300 miles, it is the second-longest river in North America and flows through or borders 10 states.

Historically, the Mississippi has been a critical waterway for trade and transportation, serving as a vital route for moving goods and people. The river has also played a crucial role in the development of the regions it traverses, shaping economies and communities.

Moreover, the Mississippi River Basin is one of the largest watersheds in the world, contributing to its significance in terms of ecology, hydrology, and economy. It supports diverse ecosystems and wildlife, making it an important environmental resource.

In contrast, while the Ohio and Missouri rivers are significant, they do not match the Mississippi in terms of length, historical impact, or role in American culture and economy. The Columbia River, while important in the Pacific Northwest, does not have the same national prominence as the Mississippi. Therefore, the designation of the Mississippi River as the chief river reflects its encompassing role in the geography and history of the United States.